Semi-Streaming Matching in a Single Pass II: Greedy is Optimal

Sepehr Assadi, Max Jiang, Mars Xiang

Assadi, Jiang and Xiang construct optimal blueprints showing that no deterministic or randomized single-pass semi-streaming algorithm using O(n polylog n) memory and constant success probability can guarantee better than a one-half approximation for maximum bipartite matching. Greedy attains one half.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Greedy’s one-half guarantee was known, but improving it with one pass and semi-streaming memory had been open for more than two decades. The authors’ earlier blueprint framework gave a weaker lower bound.

AI involvement AI-centered

Assadi, Jiang and Xiang built the framework and optimal relaxation. They credit Claude Fable and GPT-5.6 Sol with the random-walk construction idea; the authors completed the blueprint, checked its constraints and computed its value.

The model-origin random-walk step is explicitly called the crux of the final blueprints, but the framework, relaxation and completed proof involved substantial human mathematical work.

Importance Major

The random-walk blueprints close the approximation gap in this streaming model.

Limitations

The reported author check covers blueprint constraints and value, not a completed check of the full lower-bound deduction. Online preemption and vertex-cover corollaries are distinct consequences.

Technical verification Partial

Xiang reports that the team verified the final blueprint constraints and approximation calculation. That is a direct check of the central construction, but no complete check of the second paper's full lower-bound deduction is documented; Xiang states this paper had not yet received peer review. The Lean proof he mentions belongs to the first framework paper, not this construction.

Independent checking

Constructing the final blueprint, verifying constraints and calculating its value

Checker
Sepehr Assadi, Max Jiang and Mars Xiang, as reported by Xiang
Scope
The final random-walk blueprint's constraints and approximation ratio
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Human understanding Full

Xiang gives a human explanation of the blueprint framework, the relaxation, the random-walk idea's origin and how the final construction produces the one-half bound.

Correction and publication history