Approximate Counting for Mixed p-Spin Glasses in Weak External Fields via Cluster Expansion

Qiang Wu

For SK and finite mixed Ising p-spin models with all interaction orders at least three, at a fixed margin below the second-moment threshold and homogeneous fields |h|≤ρ₀N^{-1/4}, algorithms approximate log Z_N to additive error ε using a number of exact operations polynomial jointly in N, ε^{-1} and δ^{-1}. Symmetric unit-variance disorder is allowed; failure is at most δ plus an explicit disorder-tail term, which vanishes with a finite fourth moment.

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What was already known

Earlier work obtained high-temperature counts by zero-freeness or sampling. Concurrent deterministic algorithms cover Gaussian zero-field SK, and some mixed-model thresholds are stronger. Wu’s contribution uses direct cluster summation, symmetric disorder and weak homogeneous fields; its SK step uses randomized color coding.

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AI involvement

Section 1.8 says GPT-5.6 Pro proposed the higher-order polynomial algorithm from Wu’s cluster-expansion idea. GPT-6 Pro suggested color coding and contributed truncation and reverse-hypercontractivity arguments. These are central algorithm/proof contributions; Wu supplied the initial strategy, checked all proofs and revised the manuscript.

Importance

Extends precise high-temperature counting guarantees to a different disorder/field regime and gives an explicit joint accuracy-confidence operation bound, without claiming dominance over the concurrent Gaussian results.

Limitations

The model excludes mixtures combining pair interactions with higher-order terms. The threshold has a fixed margin and fields shrink with N. Failure includes the stated disorder tail. Exact-operation complexity does not establish polynomial bit complexity, efficient arbitrary-field sampling or a result throughout the low-temperature spin-glass phase.

Technical verification

Formal checking

Section 1.8 explicitly states that Wu checked all proofs. The checked claim is the paper’s bounded-temperature, weak-field approximation theorem with its exact-operation and failure bounds. This is author-reported human proof checking; the companion Lean development is not used to certify a broader numerical-precision claim.

Checker
Qiang Wu: reported complete human proof checking
Scope
For SK and finite mixed Ising p-spin models with all interaction orders at least three, at a fixed margin below the second-moment threshold and homogeneous fields |h|≤ρ₀N^{-1/4}, algorithms approximate log Z_N to additive error ε using a number of exact operations polynomial jointly in N, ε^{-1} and δ^{-1}. Symmetric unit-variance disorder is allowed; failure is at most δ plus an explicit disorder-tail term, which vanishes with a finite fourth moment.
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Check date
2026-10-27
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-28 · amendment

Lists the original paper once while retaining the specific checking and provenance references. Research claims and rating levels are unchanged.

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2026-10-28 · amendment

Clarifies that the source reports completed checking but does not supply its exact completion date. Research claims and rating levels are unchanged.

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2026-10-28 · publication

Newly reviewed source-backed algorithm with contribution-specific AI attribution and checking limits.

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