Global Product Intersection Sets in Semigroups

Wouter van Doorn, Pietro Monticone, Quanyu Tang

For asymptotically strictly decreasing sequences, and for every index set Q with at least two members, the possible global product-intersection sets are exactly the subsets of positive integers containing 1. The paper also specifies the Q=0 and Q=1 cases.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Nathanson defined these sets and asked whether unions are closed and which sets can arise. Intersection closure was known, but these full classifications were open.

AI involvement AI-autonomous

Van Doorn, Monticone and Tang report that Aristotle autonomously discovered and Lean-verified the classifications. They supplied the problems, repaired the definition bridge and rewrote the exposition.

The v2 abstract and appendix expressly describe autonomous discovery of both classifications by Aristotle after human problem prompts.

Importance Notable

Answers Nathanson’s Problems 10 and 11 through single-exclusion constructions and their products.

Limitations

The authors corrected a gap between Aristotle’s initially stronger decreasing definition and Nathanson’s definition. The Lean check is reported in the paper and was not locally rebuilt.

Technical verification Formal (Lean 4)

The authors report Lean verification of both classifications and of the equivalence correcting Aristotle's stronger definition. This is a source-reported machine check, without a local replay.

Formal checking

Lean 4 formal verification reported in the appendix and linked source file

Checker
Lean kernel through Aristotle's formalization
Scope
Theorem 1.1 for asymptotically strictly decreasing sequences, Theorem 1.2 for each cardinality of Q, and equivalence of the two decreasing definitions
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Human understanding Full

The human authors describe and rewrite the single-exclusion semigroup construction and product assembly, and explain the correction from Aristotle's stronger decreasing definition.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Answers Nathanson’s Problems 10 and 11 through single-exclusion constructions and their products.

Read this published revision