Semi-Autonomous Formalization of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Landau Equilibrium

Vasily Ilin

For smooth positive steady single-species Vlasov–Maxwell–Landau solutions on the three-torus with Coulomb collisions, Schwartz velocity decay and a polynomial score bound, the stated Lean theorem yields a spatially uniform Maxwellian at ion density, zero electric field and constant magnetic field.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Entropy and Landau-nullspace tools were classical; earlier work did not give this static classification of the coupled system under these hypotheses.

AI involvement AI-led

Gemini DeepThink supplied the natural-language proof; Claude Code and Aristotle developed its Lean formalization. Ilin posed the question, checked the proof by hand, supervised the formalization and compared it with the intended physics.

Gemini supplied the complete proof blueprint and AI tools supplied the formalization, with substantial human supervision and statement alignment.

Importance Notable

The work gives a new equilibrium classification within explicit regularity and score assumptions.

Limitations

The polynomial score bound is an extra hypothesis, so the theorem does not classify all physical equilibria. The author cautions that other definition mismatches may remain.

Technical verification Formal (Lean 4 + human)

Ilin reports a complete hand check of Gemini’s argument and a Lean kernel check of the stated 12-hypothesis theorem; the rating applies to that theorem, not all physically possible equilibria.

Formal checking

Hand verification of the six-step proof, including checking cited supporting theorems

Checker
Vasily Ilin
Scope
Gemini’s natural-language equilibrium argument
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Formal checking

Complete reported Lean build with zero sorrys

Checker
Lean 4 kernel; Claude Code/Aristotle development
Scope
CoulombConcreteTheorem42 under positivity, smoothness, Schwartz decay, polynomial score bound and steady equations
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Human understanding Full

Ilin describes and checks the proof architecture from entropy dissipation through polynomial matching, Ampère/Gauss closure and harmonic magnetic field.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

The work gives a new equilibrium classification within explicit regularity and score assumptions.

Read this published revision