OpenAI reports an L3 bound for the trilinear Hilbert transform

The trilinear Hilbert transform with fixed slopes 1, 2, and 3 maps three complex L3(R) inputs to L1(R) with a uniform norm bound.

Sources for this record

What was already known

The bilinear Hilbert transform was bounded by Lacey and Thiele. For the trilinear problem, Tao obtained sublogarithmic improvement for truncated transforms, but the fixed-slope L3×L3×L3 to L1 estimate remained open (manuscript introduction, pp. 2–3).

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Major

Resolves the three-L3 fixed-slope case of the trilinear Hilbert-transform conjecture.

Limitations

The result concerns slopes 1, 2, 3 and the displayed L3 inputs; it does not establish the full conjectured exponent range.

Technical verification Reported

Reported is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. The OpenAI-authored manuscript reports and argues the result, but the reviewed sources do not document a completed check of the full assessed claim.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, and prior-work review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision