OpenAI reports uniform Hilbert-transform bounds for Lipschitz directions

For a planar Lipschitz unit vector field with Lipschitz constant K>0, short Hilbert transforms with outer scale at most 1/(10⁶K) have a universal L² bound independent of the inner hard truncation, including fields depending on both coordinates.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Stein’s directional singular-integral question asked for weak-(2,2) control at a scale governed by the reciprocal Lipschitz seminorm; earlier results treated restricted vector-field structures.

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Major

Gives an affirmative strong-L² form of Stein’s short-scale directional Hilbert-transform question.

Limitations

The selected estimate is short-scale; the constant-field K=0 case and all scales are not part of this formalized statement.

Technical verification Formal (Lean 4)

OpenAI reports a Lean proof matching the selected claim.

Formal checking

The pinned Lean note covers short-scale uniform L² hard-truncation bounds and, at normalized scale, weak-(2,2) and principal-value estimates.

Checker
OpenAI-reported Lean 4 / Comparator
Scope
For a planar Lipschitz unit vector field with Lipschitz constant K>0, short Hilbert transforms with outer scale at most 1/(10⁶K) have a universal L² bound independent of the inner hard truncation, including fields depending on both coordinates.
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, prior-work, and scoped checking review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision