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AlphaEvolve: 48 multiplications for 4×4 complex matrices

The AlphaEvolve report gives a rank-48 decomposition of the 4×4 matrix-multiplication tensor over the complex numbers, yielding a bilinear algorithm using 48 scalar multiplications.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Two levels of Strassen’s bilinear algorithm give rank 49. Older commutative methods such as Waksman’s use fewer scalar products in a different model and do not give this tensor decomposition.

What changed and why it matters

A fixed-dimension improvement in complex arithmetic.

The AI contribution

Gemini-generated changes guide an evolutionary search for tensor decompositions.

Limitations

This does not establish a new asymptotic exponent or universal hardware speedup. It is not the same field as AlphaTensor’s F₂ result. AIProofWatch has not checked the decomposition. The novelty comparison concerns bilinear tensor rank, not the fewest products in every commutative arithmetic model. Waksman-type algorithms cannot be substituted as tensor-rank baselines.

Verification evidence

Evidence labels show what supports the claim. Importance rates its impact if correct.

Author claim

Algorithm reported in §3.1; no independent check recorded here.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-11 · correction

Public discussion revealed that the novelty comparison needed the bilinear tensor-rank model. Clarify the baseline; retain notable importance. Non-notifying correction.

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