OpenAI reports a high-arity counterexample to Pixton completeness

At genus 10^60 with 3 times binomial(10^60,3) markings, an explicitly defined formal tautological class maps to zero in the Chow ring and rational cohomology of the compactified pointed-curve moduli space but lies outside the span of Pixton’s original graph-formula relations.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Pandharipande–Pixton–Zvonkine and Janda proved the cohomological and Chow validity of Pixton’s relations. Completeness asks whether their original formal span is the whole kernel of realization; the manuscript exhibits a strict inclusion (manuscript introduction, The relation problem, pp. 2–3).

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Notable

Disproves the Chow and rational-cohomological completeness of Pixton’s original relation system.

Limitations

The counterexample has enormous genus and marking count and addresses the original relation span; it does not rule out an enlarged relation system.

Technical verification Reported

Reported is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. The OpenAI-authored manuscript reports and argues the result, but the reviewed sources do not document a completed check of the full assessed claim.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, and prior-work review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision