OpenAI reports critical three-dimensional wave local smoothing

For the half-wave evolution in three spatial dimensions, the spacetime L3 norm on times [1,2] is bounded by the input L3 Sobolev norm with every positive derivative loss epsilon. The estimate yields the conjectured strict Euclidean local-smoothing range for all 2 < p < infinity.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Sogge conjectured the improvement over sharp fixed-time bounds produced by averaging over time. Earlier square-function, wave-packet, and decoupling methods obtained partial ranges; the critical p = 3 estimate was the missing interpolation point (manuscript introduction, pp. 2–3).

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Major

Resolves Sogge’s Euclidean local-smoothing conjecture in three spatial dimensions.

Limitations

At p = 3 the theorem allows every positive Sobolev loss but does not assert the lossless epsilon = 0 endpoint. A Bochner–Riesz bound is a consequence, not an additional separately counted contribution here.

Technical verification Reported

Reported is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. The OpenAI-authored manuscript reports and argues the result, but the reviewed sources do not document a completed check of the full assessed claim.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, and prior-work review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision