OpenAI reports subpolynomial dimension reduction in Lp

For each fixed real 1 < p < infinity with p != 2 and distortion D > 1, every n-point subset of a real Lp space has a nonlinear embedding into finite-dimensional l_p with dimension at most exp(C(p,D) (log n)^gamma), where gamma = 2-p for p < 2 and 1-2/p for p > 2.

Sources for this record

What was already known

The Hilbert-space Johnson–Lindenstrauss lemma gives logarithmic dimension at fixed distortion. For 1 < p < 2, earlier finite-set Lp bounds progressed from O_D(n log n) to O_(p,D)(n) coordinates; linear subspace discretization and p = 1 have different limitations (manuscript introduction, pp. 1–2).

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Major

Replaces linear dependence on the number of points by subpolynomial dimension for nonlinear finite-set embeddings in every fixed real Lp space with 1 < p < infinity.

Limitations

The explicit Lean scope covers p != 2, fixed D > 1, real spaces and existential nonlinear embeddings. The p = 2 case is the established Hilbert result. No efficient embedding algorithm or endpoint p = 1 claim is made.

Technical verification Formal (Lean 4)

OpenAI reports a Lean proof matching the selected claim.

Formal checking

The pinned Lean note gives the explicit bound on the least target dimension for every fixed p > 1, p != 2 and D > 1, including its subpolynomial asymptotic.

Checker
OpenAI-reported Lean 4 / Comparator
Scope
Every n-point subset of real Lp for fixed 1 < p < infinity, p != 2 and D > 1 embeds into l_p of dimension at most exp(C(p,D)(log n)^gamma), with gamma as stated.
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, prior-work, and scoped checking review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision