OpenAI reports universal tensor squares for symmetric groups

For every positive integer n outside {2,4,9}, some irreducible complex representation of Sₙ has a tensor square containing every irreducible complex representation of Sₙ.

Sources for this record

What was already known

Pak, Panova, and Vallejo formulated the universal tensor-square conjecture, while the related Saxl conjecture concerns distinguished staircase representations only at triangular degrees. Earlier work supported restricted constituent families.

AI involvement AI-led

OpenAI credits itself as manuscript author and states that its internal frontier model produced the results in this release. Individual human input is not detailed enough to establish task-only autonomy.

OpenAI is named as author on the manuscript, and its release attributes the results to an internal frontier model. The individual human input is not detailed enough to establish autonomy.

Importance Major

Resolves the universal tensor-square conjecture for every possible symmetric-group degree.

Limitations

The statement excludes n=2,4,9; it does not say a prescribed representation works at every degree.

Technical verification Formal (Lean 4)

OpenAI reports a Lean proof matching the selected claim.

Formal checking

The pinned OpenAI Lean scope note identifies this selected claim.

Checker
OpenAI-reported Lean 4 / Comparator
Scope
For every positive integer n outside {2,4,9}, some irreducible complex representation of Sₙ has a tensor square containing every irreducible complex representation of Sₙ.
Basis
Reported by the linked checker
Evidence source

Checking a formal statement does not establish that it matches the original problem.

Human understanding Few

Few is the default when evidence for a higher level is insufficient. No named person is documented as explaining the central argument for this assessed contribution.

Correction and publication history

2026-10-18 · publication

Primary manuscript, attribution, prior-work, and scoped checking review for non-notifying local inclusion.

Read this published revision