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1033 matching entries · Page 10 of 21

Using large language models to probe the limits of atom-centered structural descriptors

Michelangelo Domina, Michele Ceriotti

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Theoretical Physics

Domina and Ceriotti give noncongruent atom-centered environments with identical complete correlations through seven-neighbor order, including three-dimensional lifts. For every finite correlation order and angular cutoff, they also construct indistinguishable noncongruent environments.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationPartial
Human understandingFull

The Restricted Geometric Langlands Equivalence in Positive Characteristic

OpenAI

  • Mathematics

For a connected reductive group on a smooth projective connected curve over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, the restricted geometric Langlands functor reaches every spectral component under either finite-field descent or, with p very good and p not dividing the Weyl-group order, an arbitrary algebraically closed base. Both regimes require a nondegenerate invariant Lie-algebra form (also on Levi centers), Chevalley restriction for every Levi, semisimple centralizers that are Levi, and nilpotents lying in parabolic unipotent radicals over every field extension.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

Semi-Autonomous Mathematics Discovery with Gemini: A Case Study on the Erdős Problems

Tony Feng, Trieu Trinh, Garrett Bingham, Jiwon Kang, Shengtong Zhang, Sang-hyun Kim, Kevin Barreto, Carl Schildkraut, Junehyuk Jung, Jaehyeon Seo, Carlo Pagano, Yuri Chervonyi, Dawsen Hwang, Kaiying Hou, Sergei Gukov, Cheng-Chiang Tsai, Hyunwoo Choi, Youngbeom Jin, Wei-Yuan Li, Hao-An Wu, Ruey-An Shiu, Yu-Sheng Shih, Quoc V. Le, Thang Luong

  • Mathematics

Aletheia constructed planar n-point sets with no four cocircular in which every point determines fewer than 3n/4 distinct distances. These refute the near-n-distances question under that hypothesis.

AI involvementAI-autonomous
ImportanceModest
Technical verificationFormal (human)
Human understandingFull

An Artin group with no geometric CAT(0) action

OpenAI

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

An Artin group on 116 generators, with off-diagonal labels only 2, 3 or infinity, has no proper cocompact isometric action on any nonempty proper CAT(0) metric space, in any dimension.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Technical verificationFormal (Lean 4)
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

Exponential decay in two-dimensional classical O(n) models

OpenAI

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Theoretical Physics

For every integer n≥3 and finite β>0, spin two-point correlations in finite free-boundary nearest-neighbor square-lattice O(n) models with edge strengths in [0,β] obey a uniform A exp(−m|x−y|) bound. Free-boundary limits inherit the decay.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Technical verificationFormal (Lean 4 / mathlib)
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

Tournaments determined by three and five voters

Leonid Chindelevitch, Ararat Harutyunyan

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

The Paley tournament on 43 vertices has predictability 181/301, above the five-voter threshold 3/5, yet cannot be induced by five voters. The proof uses a co-backing constraint for cyclic triangles and an exact finite shell-and-screen enumeration.

Sharp continuity of quantum conditional entropy

Mario Berta, Pablo Costa Rico, Gereon Kossmann, Ludovico Lami, Julius A. Zeiss

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Physics

For finite-dimensional quantum states at trace distance at most δ and d=dim A, the optimal dimension-only conditional-entropy continuity modulus is h₂(δ)+δ log(d²−1) up to δ=1−d⁻², then 2 log d. Equality is attainable when dim B≥d.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFull

On Kahn's flow conjecture

Peter Keevash

  • Mathematics

For every increasing antipodal function h on the Boolean cube and every nonnegative allocation of each nonempty Fourier coefficient’s squared mass among its coordinates, the induced linear function flows upward to h₊². This is Kahn’s flow conjecture.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFull

Cantor measures with odd base do not admit Fourier frames

Jaume de Dios Pont, Lukas Liehr, Mitchell A. Taylor

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For every odd integer base b>1, the fair {0,2} base-b Cantor measure admits no Fourier frame. The middle-third case answers Strichartz’s question.

Parity of k-differentials in genus zero and one

Dawei Chen, Evan Chen, Kenny Lau, Ken Ono, Jujian Zhang

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For odd k≥3 and integers n with gcd(n,k)=gcd(n+1,k)=1, AxiomProver found a Jacobi-symbol reformulation and the floor-sum identity N_k(n)=F_k(n+1)−F_k(n). The authors combine that identity with classical Jacobi facts to establish the parity formula N_k(n)≡⌊(k+1)/4⌋ mod 2 and make the earlier genus-zero and genus-one k-differential formulas unconditional.

AI involvementAI-autonomous
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationPartial
Human understandingFull

The Benjamini--Hochberg Procedure Can Fail to Control the FDR for Correlated Two-Sided Gaussian Tests

Edgar Dobriban

  • Mathematics

In a specified three-block Gaussian factor model with 96N true nulls and 4N nonnulls, ordinary Benjamini–Hochberg testing at level 0.01 has false discovery rate greater than 0.0104 for all sufficiently large N when applied to correlated two-sided Gaussian p-values.

AI involvementAI-autonomous
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFull

Rectangles, triangles and Schrödinger waves

Jonathan Bennett, Vjekoslav Kovač, Shohei Nakamura, Itamar Oliveira

  • Mathematics

Finite planar lattice sets can have an arbitrarily large ratio of ordered rectangles to ordered isosceles triangles, including degenerate configurations. Bennett, Kovač, Nakamura and Oliveira quantify the construction in a box [-N,N]² by a ratio at least (log N)^(c/log log log N), with an analogous cardinality bound.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (human)
Human understandingFull

Parabolic intersections in Artin groups

OpenAI

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

The September 23 manuscript claims that the intersection of any two conjugates of standard parabolic subgroups is parabolic in every finite-rank Artin group, including nonspherical types and infinite Coxeter labels.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

On a conjecture of Han and Xiong for fractional Gaussian binomial coefficients

Ken Ono

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For positive rational u=c/d and r=a/b in lowest terms, with d even, d dividing lcm(b,2), and u≤r, the integer trace of the fractional Gaussian binomial coefficient at u dominates that at r coefficientwise for every k≥1. This proves the Han–Xiong comparison for every r≥1/2 and reduces the remaining parameters to 1/(2m).

AI involvementAI-autonomous
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFull

The singleton hypergraph is extremal for the Isolation Lemma

Vance Faber, David G. Harris

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For every nonempty inclusion-free hypergraph on n vertices, every d≥1 and arbitrary real edge offsets, Faber and Harris prove that at least n times the sum of j^(n−1) for j=0,…,d−1 assignments in [d]^n isolate a unique minimum edge. The n-singleton hypergraph attains equality.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (human)
Human understandingFull

Astra’s Lean proof refutes Smale’s K=1 mean-value conjecture

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

Astra proved in Lean that a complex polynomial p exists with p(0)=0 and p′(0)=1 such that |p(c)/c|>1 at every critical point c. Thus the universal K=1 mean-value inequality fails at z=0.

AI involvementAI-autonomous
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (Lean 4 with Comparator)
Human understandingFull

Counterexamples to the xz-Conjecture and the Mathieu Conjecture for SU(2)

Christopher D. Long

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

The Laurent polynomial f(x,z)=(1−z⁻¹)((1−x)+xz) has zero pure product-integral moments for every positive n but marked moment (−1)^(n−1)/(n+1). It refutes xz(1,1), with padding for all mixed k,l≥1. Its SU(2) lift F=(1+c)(ad+b), G=−c has the same pure and marked Haar moments and refutes the SU(2) Mathieu conjecture.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFull

AI-assisted Lean proofs give a hard-sphere volume identity and bound

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Theoretical Physics

For k≥2 in any positive integer dimension, the magnitude of the kth hard-sphere Mayer coefficient, multiplied by k!, equals a sum of no-broken-circuit region volumes over spanning trees. In dimension three, each tree-region volume is at most (17/32)^ν(T)κ^(k−1), where κ is unit-ball volume and ν(T) is the largest packing of disjoint ordered forks a<b<c with tree edges ab and ac.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

Generically stable Keisler measures

Gabriel Conant, Kyle Gannon, James E. Hanson

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For Borel-definable global Keisler measures over a model of a discrete first-order theory, the authors prove the reverse implications: self-averaging gives a definable measure whose canonical random extension is generically stable, which in turn gives a frequency interpretation measure. Together with earlier forward implications, these yield equivalence.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFull

AI-assisted construction refutes a Naslund bound over F₃

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

A ten-word code in F₃⁴ and an eight-degree lift give square-difference-free polynomial sets of size 810ᵉ below degree 8e and 27·810ᵉ below degree 8e+4. They refute Naslund’s Conjecture 13 at q=3, k=2 for every n divisible by four with n≥8, and imply a growth-exponent lower bound of 16/21.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

Sharp bounds for the fractional chromatic number of high-girth d-degenerate graphs

Peter Allen, Abhishek Dhawan, Jonathan A. Noel

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

Allen, Dhawan and Noel prove that for every fixed girth g≥4 there are d-degenerate graphs of girth at least g with fractional chromatic number at least (1−o(1))d/log d as d grows. ChatGPT solved the authors’ optimization problem for the fractional clique function used in this lower-bound proof.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFull

Grothendieck's theorem for Bessel sequences

Lukas Liehr, Mitchell A. Taylor, Peiyang Yu

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

Liehr, Taylor and Yu prove that every countable Bessel sequence of bound 1 in a complex Hilbert space has its full Gram matrix, including diagonal entries, represented by correlations of complex functions on [0,1] bounded in modulus by 1.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceMajor
Human understandingFull

Deterministic quasipolynomial-time mean-payoff games

OpenAI

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For an ordinary mean-payoff game of complete binary input length L with arbitrary signed binary edge weights, the September 25 deterministic manuscript reports a 2^O((log(L+2))²)-bit-operation algorithm for the exact winning set, values and optimal positional strategies.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Technical verificationReported
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

Discovery of Unstable Singularities

Yongji Wang, Mehdi Bennani, James Martens, Sébastien Racanière, Sam Blackwell, Alex Matthews, Stanislav Nikolov, Gonzalo Cao-Labora, Daniel S. Park, Martin Arjovsky, Daniel Worrall, Chongli Qin, Ferran Alet, Borislav Kozlovskii, Nenad Tomašev, Alex Davies, Pushmeet Kohli, Tristan Buckmaster, Bogdan Georgiev, Javier Gómez-Serrano, Ray Jiang, Ching-Yao Lai

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Physics

Wang and collaborators report a second unstable self-similar Córdoba–Córdoba–Fontelos (CCF) profile, stable and three unstable incompressible porous media (IPM) profiles, and stable and three unstable 2D Boussinesq profiles. They test residuals and linearized modes on dense grids. A fourth Boussinesq profile remains an unvalidated candidate.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationPartial
Human understandingFull

Failure of Higher-Order Truth within Intuitionistic Propositional Logic

Yiqi Xu, Lingyuan Ye

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

The free Heyting algebra F₂ on two generators cannot be the lattice of subterminal objects of an elementary topos. The obstruction extends to any Heyting algebra surjecting onto F₂, including free F_N for N≥2.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationPartial
Human understandingFull

Short proofs in combinatorics, probability and number theory II

Boris Alexeev, Moe Putterman, Mehtaab Sawhney, Mark Sellke, Gregory Valiant

  • Mathematics

For integers r≥3, k≥4 and n≥72, the maximum ordinary-line count Fᵣ,ₖ(n) is at least n²/12−(10/3)n. The elliptic-curve construction has no four collinear points and a bipartite ordinary-line graph.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (human)
Human understandingFull

Nonquadraticity of Lambert Series Values

Costa Lambrinoudis

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For F(q)=Σₙ≥₁1/(qⁿ−1), a degree criterion excludes polynomial relations of degree at most e over Q(q) when eλ log M(q)<log q, where λ=(42963+428220/π²)/202140. It gives nonquadraticity for every integer q≥2 and irrationality for rational q=a/b>1 when log b/log a<0.5728; a certified refinement reaches 0.573290.

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A Sparse-Fock Proof of the Upper Edge for Fully Independent SparseStack

Diar Heidary

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For a fixed n×d real matrix U with UᵀU=I, d≥1, 0<ε≤1 and 0<δ≤1, the fully independent signed-hash SparseStack construction gives failure probability at most δ with column sparsity below 1356 max(1,⌈log₂(d/δ)⌉)/ε and row count below 306456(d+max(1,⌈log₂(d/δ)⌉))/ε².

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFull
Read paperReported Website revision:

AI-found construction improves the planar cube maximal constant

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For the centered Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator over axis-parallel cubes in R², the optimal weak-type (1,1) constant c₂ is at least Φ=1.6855099933…, so c₂>1.685.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

AI-led Lean proof of the Gurvich–Naumova partition conjecture

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For every n≥1, the integers 1 through n can be partitioned into nonempty blocks of at most three distinct integers, with each block summing to a power of three.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

AI-led proof gives a linear Betti bound for four-generated semigroups

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For a minimally four-generated numerical semigroup S=⟨n₀<n₁<n₂<n₃⟩, the minimal number of generators of its toric ideal is at most 2W over any field, where W=(n₃−n₀)/gcd(n₁−n₀,n₂−n₀,n₃−n₀). Consequently it is at most twice the ordinary width n₃−n₀.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

AI-developed proof of the Herzog–Schönheim conjecture for solvable groups

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

In an exact partition of any finite or infinite solvable group into at least two left cosets, two of the corresponding subgroups have the same index. The cardinality form of Erdős Problem 274 follows.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Human understandingFew

A Fock-space inequality and the Laughlin spectral gap

OpenAI

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Theoretical Physics

For the fermionic Laughlin state at filling 1/3 on the round sphere and flux 3(N−1), the unperturbed V1 Hamiltonian has a uniform gap for all sufficiently large particle numbers N. The released Lean scope gives a 1/25 Fock-space distance estimate and a 1/100 finite spherical gap.

AI involvementAI-led
ImportanceMajor
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

A Tight Bound on Online Vertex Cover under Edge Arrivals

Zhihao Gavin Tang, Yuhao Zhang

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For every deterministic fractional online vertex-cover algorithm and every ε>0, a finite bipartite edge-arrival instance forces a competitive ratio of at least 2−ε. The paper extends the lower bound to randomized integral or fractional algorithms against an oblivious adversary.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (human)
Human understandingFull

AI-found dumbbell graph refutes Graffiti Conjecture 143

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

A 39-vertex dumbbell graph violates Graffiti Conjecture 143, which bounds the variance of positive adjacency eigenvalues by graph size divided by average distance. The witness works under both standard average-distance conventions.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (exact computation)
Human understandingFew

AI-found values refute both sign clauses of Sun’s Conjecture 4.6(ii)

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

For the integer-normalized trigonometric permanents at prime p=29, s₂₉=1,053,859 is positive and s′₂₉=−4,806,838,304 is negative. These exact values contradict both sign predictions in Conjecture 4.6(ii).

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (exact computation)
Human understandingFew

AI-found graphs refute Graffiti 154 under a standard-deviation reading

  • Mathematics
  • Theoretical Computer Science

Lollipop graphs with 118 or 120 vertices violate Graffiti Conjecture 154 when “deviation” means the standard deviation of adjacency eigenvalues. A 144-vertex graph violates it under both standard average-distance conventions.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceNotable
Technical verificationFormal (exact computation)
Human understandingFew

A proof of Kurkov's conjecture for A000670

John Erlbacher

  • Mathematics

For every n>0, the Fubini number a(n), which counts ordered set partitions, equals the sum of A284005(k) for k from 0 through 2^(n−1)−1. The proposed proof counts partitions with each prescribed set of block minima.

AI involvementAI-centered
ImportanceModest
Technical verificationPartial
Human understandingFew
Read paperReported Website revision:

Source freshness

These dates show source checks, not the latest research. Failed checks can leave gaps.

arXiv · algebra-geometry — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:20:46 UTC

arXiv · algorithms-formal — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:19:48 UTC

arXiv · analysis — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:21:51 UTC

arXiv · combinatorics — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:18:49 UTC

arXiv · geometry-topology — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:22:23 UTC

arXiv · logic-foundations — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:23:04 UTC

arXiv · optimization-information — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:23:10 UTC

arXiv · probability-dynamics-physics — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:22:36 UTC

arXiv · theoretical-physics — last successful metadata check: 21/10/2026, 07:22:50 UTC